Deepak Dalal PSIR

PSIR daily current affairs & answer writing 10th December

PSIR daily current affairs and daily answer writing

Namaskar PSIR daily current affairs Theory + examples 10th December 2025

Topic : MAGA agenda is now America’s global strategy

 

PYQs linkage:

  • Critically examine the decline of the United States of America as a hegemon and its implications for the changing international political order. 15(2021)
  • Discus the various constraints on American hegemony today. Which of these are likely to become more prominent in the future?15(2023)
  • Do you agree with the view that the USA uses NATO as a traditional tool of strategy to perpetuate its hegemony in the world? 15(2024)

 

 

Context of the editorial or news

  • Issuance of the US national security strategy 2025
  • Objectives of article or editorial (C Raja Mohan a scholar, being a part strategic community)
  • Interpretation of US national security strategy 2025
  • Its key features
  • Implications for global order
  • How should India respond to this (Strategic prescriptions)

 

Theory application:

  • Neo liberal

 

Concepts and keywords:

  • Inward-looking America first movement, territorial and economic sovereignty, liberal universalism, internationalist consensus, “Monroe Doctrine”, American isolationism, civilizational pluralism, economic nationalism, national security, new dynamic in great-power relations, supranational structure, free and open Indo pacific, deterrent capabilities, geopolitics, extended neighbourhood.
  • Brief analysis and key points from the news or editorial:

Four major shifts due to America’s new security strategy:

1)  Western Hemisphere as the USA’s top regional priority

  • Reestablishment of US dominance over Latin America (reasserting Monroe Doctrine)

2)  )Selectively active for core national interests

  • Unwilling to take global responsibility

3)  Replaces liberal universalism with civilizational pluralism

  • No US interference in others’ internal political arrangements
  • “ Nations have the sovereign right to choose their own path; America does not seek to remake them.”

4)  Economic nationalism becomes central to national security

  • Prioritizing Reshoring, industrial revival and trade balances
  • Tariffs
  • Evaluation of partnerships through economic advantage rather than geopolitical sentiment alone.

 

Other Key points:

  • Russia and China do not pose existential threat to America, signaling a new dynamic in great power relations.
  • Reduces or reshapes its security obligations (Partner countries suppose to shoulder more responsibilities)

 

Implications for global order and important actors:

Europe:

  • Strongly oppose Europe’s liberal politics
  • Promises to support right-wing movements seeking to overturn current political order
  • Depiction of the EU as a fundamental threat to America and Western civilization. (Threat to functionalism and regional integration)
  • calls on European nations to reclaim sovereignty and restore traditional cultural values. (threat to pluralism, multiculturalism)

 

ASIA:

  • dynamic to America’s future
  • a free and open Indo-pacific remains a vital to the US prosperity and security.
  • China no longer an imminent threat (confrontation can be avoided)
  • Partners in Asia to take greater responsibility for their defence by raising military spending and sharing strategic burden.

QUAD:

  • Acknowledges the importance of QUAD partners

Middle East:

  • Oil is no longer the primary driver of US regional engagement
  • Highlights new domain: nuclear energy, AI and defence technologies to shape the region’s future

Russia:

  • opens space for friendly understanding
  • peace in Europe requires a practical agreement with Russia for peaceful existence
  • underscores the centrality of ending the Ukraine war.

China:

  • recognizes the expansive scale of China’s economic, technological, and military capabilities
  • underlines the need for America to preserve beneficial economic ties
  • Chinese emergence as a “near peer” of the US
  • This view produces an inherent tension between the economic need for a reasonable commercial relationship with China and strategic need to deter China’s expansionism
  • How the US manages this tension: a major challenge for US allies and partners in Asia.

 

 

Way forward FOR India:

  • India must prepare for a world in which the USA is selective.
  • As a non-ally of the US, India has greater freedom of action provided it strengthen its military deterrent capabilities. (self help)
  • To seize the opportunity of seeking a larger role in shaping Asian geopolitics, India must remain steadily engaged with the USA and must vigorously pursue the stabilization of ties with China. (Neo liberal prescriptions)
  • India must deepen ties with both Europe and Russia while navigating the turbulence between them.
  • In its extended neighbourhood, India must reinforce partnerships with ASEAN, Australia, Japan and South Korea.
  • India must pacify its South Asian neighbourhood.

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