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Nuts and bolts of diplomacy C Raja Mohan

 

PYQs linkage:

  • Write about the growing significance of QUAD. 10(2021)
  • Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QUAD) perform an important role in India’s strategic balancing act to withstand the dominance of China in Asia. Discuss. 15 (2023)

 

Theory application: Neo Liberal approach to international relations:

 

Concepts and keywords:

ideological ambitions, deepening divisions within BRICS, multi-alignment strategy, regional balancer, Chinese Hegemony, multipolar- Asia/World, ‘de-dollarization’, dysfunctional SAARC, ideological alignment.

 

 

Important facts:

  • Modi’s first foreign visit as PM was to the BRICS summit in Fortaleza (July 2014)

 

 

important quotes or statements:

“In an uncertain world, national resilience and state capability are more important than sweeping pronouncements about the world order” C RAJA MOHAN.

 

  • Brief analysis and key points from the news or editorial:

 

Challenges for India in multipolar world:

  • Trump’s erratic foreign policy decisions upsetting global order
  • Difficult for India to navigate between great power rivalries freely ands without cost
  • Widening power asymmetry with China
  • Russia closeness to China, making India’s position as a regional balancer questionable.
  • Trump’s Pakistan policy.
  • Deepening strategic alliance between China and Pakistan
  • Emerging trilateral cooperation (China, Pakistan and Bangladesh) initiated by China to fill the regional vacuum created by India’s troubled ties with Pakistan and Bangladesh.
  • Possible creation of a China-led regional grouping (Potentially replacing dysfunctional SAARC)

 

Challenges multilateral grouping (BRICS and QUAD):

BRICS:

Challenges

·       Deepening divisions within BRICS (China-India)

·       All nations do not accept it as a significant forum

·       Despite talk of building an ‘alternative’ global order through BRICS, Russia and China are open to have bilateral deals with USA.

·       BRICS nations didn’t provide meaningful support to Iran.

 

QUAD:

Challenges

·       Following America First policy, Trump demanded that allies raise defence spending to 3% GDP.

·       Trump’s openness to a “big beautiful deal” with China.

 

 

 

 

 

 

What needs to be done to secure India’s national interest:

  • India should adopt pragmatic approach, consolidating the economic and political opportunities at hand. (Neoliberal prescriptions)
  • India needs to focus on accelerating economic reforms at home
  • Restoring domestic political unity
  • Reclaiming the leadership of the subcontinent
  • Strengthening ties with key developing nations.

 

 

Practice question (Framing based on PYQs dimensions):

  • Question: India’s multi-alignments strategy has its own peculiar challenges in recent times. Comment. 10 Marks
  • Read model answers deepanalysis.in

 

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