PSIR daily current affairs & answer writing 10th December
PSIR daily current affairs and daily answer writing
Namaskar PSIR daily current affairs Theory + examples 10th December 2025
Topic : MAGA agenda is now America’s global strategy
PYQs linkage:
- Critically examine the decline of the United States of America as a hegemon and its implications for the changing international political order. 15(2021)
- Discus the various constraints on American hegemony today. Which of these are likely to become more prominent in the future?15(2023)
- Do you agree with the view that the USA uses NATO as a traditional tool of strategy to perpetuate its hegemony in the world? 15(2024)
Context of the editorial or news
- Issuance of the US national security strategy 2025
- Objectives of article or editorial (C Raja Mohan a scholar, being a part strategic community)
- Interpretation of US national security strategy 2025
- Its key features
- Implications for global order
- How should India respond to this (Strategic prescriptions)
Theory application:
- Neo liberal
Concepts and keywords:
- Inward-looking America first movement, territorial and economic sovereignty, liberal universalism, internationalist consensus, “Monroe Doctrine”, American isolationism, civilizational pluralism, economic nationalism, national security, new dynamic in great-power relations, supranational structure, free and open Indo pacific, deterrent capabilities, geopolitics, extended neighbourhood.
- Brief analysis and key points from the news or editorial:
Four major shifts due to America’s new security strategy:
1) Western Hemisphere as the USA’s top regional priority
- Reestablishment of US dominance over Latin America (reasserting Monroe Doctrine)
2) )Selectively active for core national interests
- Unwilling to take global responsibility
3) Replaces liberal universalism with civilizational pluralism
- No US interference in others’ internal political arrangements
- “ Nations have the sovereign right to choose their own path; America does not seek to remake them.”
4) Economic nationalism becomes central to national security
- Prioritizing Reshoring, industrial revival and trade balances
- Tariffs
- Evaluation of partnerships through economic advantage rather than geopolitical sentiment alone.
Other Key points:
- Russia and China do not pose existential threat to America, signaling a new dynamic in great power relations.
- Reduces or reshapes its security obligations (Partner countries suppose to shoulder more responsibilities)
Implications for global order and important actors:
Europe:
- Strongly oppose Europe’s liberal politics
- Promises to support right-wing movements seeking to overturn current political order
- Depiction of the EU as a fundamental threat to America and Western civilization. (Threat to functionalism and regional integration)
- calls on European nations to reclaim sovereignty and restore traditional cultural values. (threat to pluralism, multiculturalism)
ASIA:
- dynamic to America’s future
- a free and open Indo-pacific remains a vital to the US prosperity and security.
- China no longer an imminent threat (confrontation can be avoided)
- Partners in Asia to take greater responsibility for their defence by raising military spending and sharing strategic burden.
QUAD:
- Acknowledges the importance of QUAD partners
Middle East:
- Oil is no longer the primary driver of US regional engagement
- Highlights new domain: nuclear energy, AI and defence technologies to shape the region’s future
Russia:
- opens space for friendly understanding
- peace in Europe requires a practical agreement with Russia for peaceful existence
- underscores the centrality of ending the Ukraine war.
China:
- recognizes the expansive scale of China’s economic, technological, and military capabilities
- underlines the need for America to preserve beneficial economic ties
- Chinese emergence as a “near peer” of the US
- This view produces an inherent tension between the economic need for a reasonable commercial relationship with China and strategic need to deter China’s expansionism
- How the US manages this tension: a major challenge for US allies and partners in Asia.
Way forward FOR India:
- India must prepare for a world in which the USA is selective.
- As a non-ally of the US, India has greater freedom of action provided it strengthen its military deterrent capabilities. (self help)
- To seize the opportunity of seeking a larger role in shaping Asian geopolitics, India must remain steadily engaged with the USA and must vigorously pursue the stabilization of ties with China. (Neo liberal prescriptions)
- India must deepen ties with both Europe and Russia while navigating the turbulence between them.
- In its extended neighbourhood, India must reinforce partnerships with ASEAN, Australia, Japan and South Korea.
- India must pacify its South Asian neighbourhood.
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